Adult Congenital Heart Disease and Percutaneous Interventions : Analysis of Cases over five years in a Bangladeshi Center

Background: In recent year ‘s considerable progress has been made in the early diagnosis and
treatment of congenital heart disease (CHD) and a significant number of children are expected to
survive into adulthood after completion of treatment. This has created a scope of a substantial
population of patients with adult congenital heart disease. In Bangladesh, milder or simple from of
congenital heart diseases are prevalent among populations but palliated and treated cases of CHD
are gradually increasing the load of work for adult congenital heart disease (ACHD) professionals.
Many of these cases can be treated by transcatheter intervention with excellent outcome.
Methods: This is a retrospective study conducted in a tertiary level cardiac hospitals of Bangladesh
from January 2015 to December 2020. All cases aging 18 years and above were included who had
undergone cardiac catheterization or percutaneous interventions. Data were collected from
Echocardiography department, Catheterization Laboratory and indoor department. Follow up data
were collected from echocardiography and outpatient department.
Results: Total Two hundred Ninety-four cases were enrolled for cardiac catheterization. Two
hundred eighteen cases had various types of intervention. Most of the cases were in 18-25 years age
group. Among shunt lesions, 165 cases (56.12%) had atrial septal defect (ASD), 48(22.02%) had
ventricular septal defect (VSD), 32 (14.67%) had patent ductus arteriosus (PDA), and 4(1.83%) had
patent foramen ovale (PFO). Device closure was performed in 120(55.04%) cases of ASD, 13(5.96%)
cases of VSD, 30 (13.76%) cases of PDA and in 4(1.83%) cases of PFO. Nineteen (8.72%) had
valvuloplasty for pulmonary stenosis (PS), 2 (0.68%) had valvuloplasty for aortic stenosis (AS),
2(0.068%) had coarctoplasty for coarctation of the aorta (CoA), 4 (1.83%) had percutaneous pulmonary
valve implantation (PPVI). Seventeen (7.79%) cases had double intervention of ASD device closure
and pulmonary stenosis, 5 (2,29%) cases had ASD and PDA device closure and 2 (0.92%) cases had
PDA device closure and balloon coarctoplasty. ASD device was embolized in 4 cases. There were no
other complications.
Conclusion: Outcome of intervention in ACHD was found safe and effective and no significant
short or long-term complications were noticed.